Magnesium Citrate Plus L-Taurine

Magnesium is an essential mineral found in whole grains, leafy green vegetables, legumes, and nuts, which acts as a cofactor in hundreds of enzymatic reactions in the human body. Magnesium intakes have decreased over recent years in many industrialized countries and as a consequence, large segments of these populations may have chronic latent magnesium deficiency. A number of conditions may be associated with magnesium deficiency, including hypertension, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, asthma, and preeclampsia. In many of these conditions, magnesium supplementation has been found to be beneficial in clinical studies. Magnesium citrate, utilized by Vitazan Professional, has been demonstrated to be a bioavailable form of magnesium. Its bioavailability is particularly pertinent in clinical situations in which a rapid repletion of magnesium deficiency might be needed, as well as those where effective long-term treatment is required, such as for patients with myocardial infarction or acute asthma.
Magnesium
Magnesium has been shown to increase bone mineral density when used in the treatment of osteoporosis, but its mechanism of action is obscure. A randomized controlled study conducted on 20 postmenopausal women found that in those who were given magnesium citrate (1,830 mg/d) orally for 30 days, serum osteocalcin levels were significantly raised, and urinary deoxypyridinoline and serum iPTH were significantly decreased, indicating a reduction in bone turnover. Magnesium is also important in the relief of a variety of migraines. A review of the numerous studies of magnesium in migraine prophylaxis has confirmed its efficacy, particularly in some conditions such as pediatric migraine, or menstrually related migraine associated with premenstrual syndrome.
A large body of evidence indicates that a higher intake of dietary magnesium may favorably affect a cluster of metabolic and inflammatory disorders, including insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. A randomized, double-blind crossover pilot trial was conducted on 14 healthy, overweight individuals who were assigned to receive magnesium citrate (500 mg/d elemental mg) or a placebo for four weeks with a one-month washout period. Magnesium supplementation led to distinct changes in gene expression and proteomic profiling, consistent with favorable effects on several metabolic pathways. In particular, fasting C‑peptide concentrations were significantly decreased, and there was downregulation of genes related to metabolic and inflammatory pathways, including tumour necrosis factor-related protein‑9 (C1q/TNF9), and proplatelet basic protein (PPBP), a platelet-derived growth factor in the CXC chemokine family, and a potent chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils.
Taurine
Taurine is a naturally occurring β‑amino acid that is abundantly distributed in many tissues. Taurine has been established as playing a vital role in many physiological events, including osmoregulation, antioxidation, detoxification, membrane stabilization, neuromodulation, retinal and cardiac function, and brain development. Taurine also plays a role in immune and inflammatory responses. Though adults are able to synthesize taurine, they may have to rely on dietary sources of taurine to maintain the body’s supply following the stresses of surgery, trauma, and critical illness; and during long-term TPN, as these have all been shown to deplete taurine levels in adults. In addition, there is evidence indicating that taurine possesses hypoglycemic properties.
Taurine plays a role in immune and inflammatory responses through its antioxidant ability, as well as through its ability to modulate myeloperoxidase activity and antimicrobial function in leukocytes. In vivo studies demonstrated that taurine controls glucose homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion such as the sulfonylurea receptor‑1, glucokinase, Glut‑2, proconvertase, and pancreas duodenum homeobox‑1 (PDX‑1) genes. In addition, taurine enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity.